Thursday 16 April 2020

Shabbat 41: Avoiding Arousal, Urns for Warming Water

At the very start of today's daf we are told that a man who holds his penis while urinating is said to be as if he were bringing a flood to the world.  He should not put himself in a place where he might become aroused by that minimal contact.  That is such a severe transgression that he is like those who were punished by the flood.

The rabbis discuss what can be discuss practices of idolatry that might be introduced when Gentiles enter a city.  The Gentiles might pour wine for idolatry or they might open barrels of wine, making them prohibited for later use.  This is followed by a conversation about the bathhouse.  Rabbi Zeira disagrees with Rav Yehuda, who believes that Israelites were sent to Babylonia and should not make aliya to Israel until they are called back by G-d.  Rabbi Zeira then hears Rav Yehuda speaking of mundane matters in the bathhouse.  This experience is helpful to him as he considers questions of modesty.  We learn other halachot regarding the bathhouse.  

We are taught a new Mishna.  The Sages describe a mulyar, bronze vessel holding coals are placed in an outer compartment and water is placed on the inside.  It is permitted for use on Shabbat.  The antichi, vessel that holds water adjacent to and not above the coals.  Even if ashes are removed from the antichi, it cannot be used on Shabbat.  

The Gemara wonders about using a large amount of water which would not actually be warmed by the coals.  Is this permitted?  And is an action meant to change the shape of the urn itself permitted on Shabbat?  Where does intention come into this picture?

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