Today's daf considers which blessings must be recited during which occasions. Are we obligated to mention the New Moon when we recite Grace after Meals? What is permitted to say on Shabbat and what must not be said on a Festival if it falls on Shabbat?
We are introduced to a new Mishna which seems to be an extension of our last Mishna. It teaches that we may not light burnt oil on a Festival. Rabbi Yishmael says that we cannot light with tar because it smells bad which would affect the celebration of Shabbat. The rabbis permit lighting with all oils that burn properly including sesame, nut, turnip, fish, gourd, tar and crude oil (which was first refined approximately five hundred years after the talmudic era). At that point in our Mishna, Rabbi Tarfon doubles down and announces that one may only light with olive oil, the finest oil, in honour of Shabbat.
The rabbis discuss the principle that lights may not be lit with burnt oil on a Festival. The Gemara answers that this is because we may not burn consecrated items on a Festival. By Torah law, we are not to let anything remain until the morning, but whatever remains in the morning shall be burned with fire (Exodus 12:10). The burnt offering of each Shabbat made on Shabbat (Numbers 28:10). Different mitzvahs are reserved for different days and times. For example, circumcision is not performed on a festival unless that festival falls on the eighth day - postponed circumcisions will not happen on festival days.
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