One disturbing is example is that of Ulla, who is said to have kissed his sisters' chests (or perhaps their hands) upon returning from Yeshiva study. The rabbis debate about whether or not it is permitted to have any contact at all with forbidden relatives.
We are told the story of a woman whose husband was righteous in every way and yet died at "half his days". She took his phylacteries to synagogues and study halls and asked the Sages how he could be taken in such a way. Only Eliyahu responded, explaining that because he ate, drank and slept with her with bodily contact but no relations, he was killed for that sin.
This passage will be used as proof that women should not have any physical contacts with their husbands long after their periods have ended. Even if the woman is in in dire need of physical comfort, her husband is not permitted to hold her or touch her for two weeks of the month.
A second Mishna teaches that Beit Shammai had more students than Beit Hillel. They issued decrees regarding eighteen matters in accordance with Beit Shammai's opinion.
The Gemara first wishes to clarify whether or not we include the word "and" in one statement. "And" suggests that we look at what is to come in addition to what was said before. Steinsaltz helps us to understand the transmission of impurity with a chart:
Source Example How it Transits Impurity
Ultimate source of ritual impurity
|
Corpse
|
Anything capable of becoming ritual impure is now a
primary source of ritual impurity
|
Primary source of ritual impurity
|
Any person or vessel that came in contact with a corpse,
leper, zav, dead creeping animal, carcass
|
Confers first degree ritual impurity status on any person,
vessel or food
|
First degree ritual impurity/ Secondary source of ritual
impurity
|
A person, vessel, or food that comes in contact with a
dead creeping animal, zav, carcass, etc.
|
Confers second degree ritual impurity status on any foods/liquids
and disqualifies non-sacred foods/liquids
|
Second degree ritual impurity
|
Foods/liquids that come in contact with first degree
ritual impurity/ one who immersed self during the day, hands, the rest of the
eighteen items with regard to which the decree was issued
|
Confers third degree ritual impurity status on consecrated
food/liquids and disqualifies teruma
|
Third degree ritual impurity/only applies to teruma and
consecrated items
|
Foods and liquids that come in contact with second degree
ritual impurity
|
Teruma with this status is disqualified and it
disqualifies consecrated foods/liquids
|
Fourth degree ritual impurity/ only applies to consecrated
items
|
Foods and liquids that come in contact with third degree
ritual impurity
|
Consecrated foods/liquids with this status are disqualified
|
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