Shabbat 97: Exact Torah words, Categories and Subcategories in Domains

Our daf first focuses on the importance of the exact words of the Torah.  Interpretation is dangerous, for we might be causing damage through our words.  For example, by saying that Aaron too was afflicted by leprosy when he turned and saw his sister's affliction, we might be suggesting that Aaron is less righteous than he actually is.  

The rabbis remind us that an object that travels at least ten handbreadths from the ground is considered to be in the legal state of "at rest" whether it has been thrown or passed.  The airspace defines an object as "at rest".  How does this affect cases where an object passes above ten handbreadths from the private domain to a public domain?  Has the object been thrown?  We learn that principle of lavud, any object within three handbreadths of another object is considered to be attached to it.  If an object is three handbreadths from the ground, it is at rest with the ground.  Above ten handbreadths, one is liable.  Between three and ten handbreadths, the rabbis argue further about its status.  

If the private domains belonged to one person, is that person exempt?  If one house was elevated and one was low, does that create a situation where an object falls into the public domain, violating a Torah prohibition?  The rabbis wonder whether or not a house with a wall that does not go down to the ground but rests three handbreadths above the ground might not qualify as a sukkah, or might be a walkway for goats.  If there is no covering over such a house, does it even qualify as a house?  Can the owner of that private domain ever be considered liable for passing or throwing from one domain to the next?

Rav Chana asked whether Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi believes that one is liable for a subcategory of a prohibited labour when it is performed with a primary category of prohibited about?  Carrying out is primary and carrying in is one of its subcategories.  A baraita teaches that this depends.  If the object traveled four cubits from the private to the public domain, perhaps the person is liable to bring two sin offerings, one for carrying out from the private to the public domain and one for carrying an object four cubits through the public domain.  But how do we understand this if an object in airspace is at rest?  Does this help us with proving whether or not a primary and subcategory can be charged together?

This is contrasted with throwing an object eight cubits when one has intended to throw it only four cubits.  Similar to writing two letters, shin and mem, to begin the name Shimon, the letters cannot be written.  Rav Ashi said that when an object is thrown, any place that it wants to come to rest, let it come to rest.