The Gemara includes questions based on this Mishna including:
- How cups sanctify with greater leniency
- Regarding whole/broken items, the intention must be to add
- What should be a disqualified item (like wine from a mixed vineyard) are sanctified so that they can be disqualified
- Woven garments or items cannot be washed with soap or neter, natron, likely sodium carbonate that is made through wetting the extracted ash of algae
- In discussing the priest's garments, we learn about the atonement of the priest's clothing:
- the tunic atones for bloodshed, as proven by the goat killed to atone for the sin of Joseph's brothers (Genesis 37:31)
- the trousers atone for sexual relations, as proven by the covering of nakedness (Exodus 28:42)
- the mitre atones for the arrogant, because it is elevated on the priest's head just like the heart can be elevated
- the belt atones for thought of the heart because it is placed over the heart
- the breastplate atones for improper judgments (Exodus 28:15)
- the ephod atones for idol worship, for the sin of idol worship is found when there is no ephod (Hosea 3:4)
- the robe atones for malicious sound
- the frontplate atones for brazenness
- The rabbis wonder whether or not these items can actually atone for sins
- They suggest different prooftexts regarding atonement
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