Wednesday 2 October 2019

Me'ila 15: Combining Consecrated and Dedicated Items to Equal the Value of One Peruta

The laws of me'ila describe how we might benefit from consecrated items that are ordinarily forbidden.  They are based on Vayikra (5:15-16) which describes anything kodashei HaShem, holy to G-d. This includes kodeshei mizbe'ach, what is consecrated to be sacrificed, and kodashei bedeck habayit, what is dedicated for the upkeep of the Temple.  If a person is liable for me'ila, the misuse of consecrated property, one must derive a minimum of a peruta of forbidden benefit from the consecrated or dedicated item.  

Today we begin the fourth perek, where our first Mishna asks which types of consecrated objects might be combined to create the value of a peruta both for me'ila and for the status of the person who owns the sacrifice.  And the items need not be of the same category - both consecrated items and dedicated items can be combined for this purpose.  

Steinsaltz shares that Rabbi Shimon Shkop suggests that me'ila has different purposes in kodashei mizbe'ach and in kodashei bedek habayit.  With consecrated items, one has received forbidden benefit from a sacrifice that will be brought to the altar.  With dedicated items, one must pay because s/he stole an item that belongs to the Temple. Regardless, since both are considered to be kodashei HaShem, they are seen to be similar enough to be combined.  Rabbi Chayyim Soloveitchik argues that the obligation to pay applies in all cases because the item is always "stolen" from the Temple.  This argument explains why the the two different types can be combined.  

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