Thursday 24 December 2015

Gittin 12: Owning a Person (Slave or Wife) - When Do the Responsibilities End?

The rabbis continue to discuss what we can learn about divorcing their wives by comparing their wives with slaves.  Must one always sustain a wife or a slave?  What if s/he is sent to a land of exile? What are some of the exceptions?  Why?  Does a man hold his wife's earnings?  His slave's earnings?    Does he hold their excess earnings?  Does the provision of sustenance mean that a man must pay for others' costs, or does he pay them and they pay for their own costs?

The rabbis attempt to understand how a slave owner could say to his slave, "Work for me and I will not sustain you."  Had he consecrated the hands of his slave, so that any work over that worth one peruta would be given to the Temple?  Was the slave owning his owner money, for the medical costs associated with losing his hands?  

A wife and a slave might face different consequences regarding the provision of terumah if they were to be 'freed' from the bonds of marriage/slavery to a priest.  It may be to the wife's detriment but to the slave's advantage regarding the halachot of teruma.  This is because a wife can no longer be sustained without access to teruma, while a slave can continue to partake of teruma.

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