The Ran says that Rabbi Shimon's position works on a rabbinic level only. Other commentaries defend Rabbi Shimon's belief that the act of shechita is strong enough to prevent defilement if the sacrifice is touched with unwashed hands. Chibbat kodashim, the love of consecrated objects, is quoted by Tosafot Rabbeinu Peretz as being the reason behind Rabbi Shimon's position.
It is explained that when something is set aside as consecrated to the Temple, that extra status makes the object more susceptible to ritual defilement. Thus when an animal that cannot be eaten is slaughtered and becomes kosher food, it is chibbat shechita coming from the change of status that makes it susceptible to ritual defilement.
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