Saturday, 3 November 2018

Menachot 85: Preparing produce for the Meal Offering

We learn a new Mishna regarding the preparation of grain for the meal offering.  High quality grain produces fine flour.

  • no offerings should come from fertilized field, irrigated fields or fields of trees for these fields cannot produce optimal quality grains
  • if one does bring an offering from those fields, it is fit for sacrifice
  • fields should be plowed but not sown in the first year
  • in the second year the field should be sown seventy days before Pesach
  • the Temple treasurer inspects the flour for quality by immersing his hand into the flour and finding no flour powder covering his hand when he removes it
  • if the flour is unfit, it is sifted with a fine sifter until no power remains
  • if over half of the flour has become wormy, it is unfit
One of the Gemara's discussions focuses on bikurim, the first fruits brought to the Temple.  Bikurim are supposed to be only brought from the seven species (wheat, barley, grapes, figs, dates, olives and pomegranates).  They must not be brought from mountainous regions, etc.  Are bikurim similarly dismissed if they are less than optimal quality, like the flour brought for the meal offering?  

Rabbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish disagree: Rabbi Yochanan says that such fruit is not fit, while Reish Lakish believes that they would become sanctified just as blemished animals became sanctified if they met the basic requirements of a sacrifice.  We are told of Rav Elazar's commentary regarding his friend/teacher, Rabbi Yochanan.  In a dream, Rav Elazar saw Rabbi Yochanan interpreting a Torah verse which explains both the limitation on types of produce to sacrifice and from where that produce might be gathered.

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